PSY 520 SPSS Assignment 4
Questions:
1) Briefly describe a research situation that would call for a chi-square analysis. Be sure to explain each variable and the possible values of each variable.
An example of a Chi-Square study would be valuable is to see if there are alterations between male and female college learners concerning key selections and fields of learning Business and Psychology. The null theory would be: No difference between male and female college learners exists between their choice in taking quantitative vs. qualitative possible courses. Gender and Courses are clear-cut, which is perfect for a Chi-Square. My study concerning the variances between learner’s choices of extracurricular accomplishments would also be perfect for a Chi-Square.
2a) Generate a cross table of Infant_Attachment and Education.
Case Processing Summary
Cases
Valid
Missing
Total
N
Percent
N
Percent
N
Percent
Attachment style when measured as infant * Education obtained
75
100.0%
0
0.0%
75
100.0%
Attachment style when measured as infant * Education obtained Cross tabulation
Count
Education obtained
Total
High School
Undergraduate Degree
Graduate Degree
Attachment style when measured as infant
Secure
5
18
15
38
Anxious
9
7
3
19
Avoidant
6
11
1
18
Total
20
36
19
75
2b) From these results, which group attachment style seems to be most related with obtaining high levels of education?
Constructed on the outcomes above, in the cross tabularization of attachment styles and education level, the group attachment style that seems to be most connected with elevated levels of education is secure. Total secure participants were 38, followed by anxious at 19 and avoidant with 18. Secure attachment, however is usually linked with undergraduate and graduate degree achievement. As seen in the above chart, regarding graduate degree, the order of achievement is secure, 15; anxious, 3; and avoidant, 1. Following, with undergraduate degree, is secure, 18; avoidant, 11; and anxious, 7. High school is most shared with Anxious, 9, shadowed by avoidant, 6 and secure, 5. The most shared degree acquired was undergraduate, 36, shadowed by high school, 20 and graduate degree, 19.
3a) Conduct a chi-square test to see if Infant_Attachment and Education are independent from one another.
Chi-Square Tests
Value
df
Asymptotic Significance (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square
13.556
4
.009
Likelihood Ratio
14.522
4
.006
Linear-by-Linear Association
8.731
1
.003
N of Valid Cases
75
3b) Write up the results of this test in APA style. Be sure to explicitly state whether or not the two variables are independent. Use the Chi-square tests of independence section of this website for guidance.
There was not a significant relationship between the level of education and attachment style, X2 (4, n=74) =13.54, p<.04. More secure attachment was however, associated with higher educational achievment. Secure attachment individuals obtain graduate degrees significantly more often than did avoidant attachment individuals, X2 (1) =8.72, n=76, p<.06. Learners who had a secure attachment style were more likely to achieve higher levels of education compared to those with anxious or avoidant attachment styles. (X2 = 14.51, N = 76, p < .06). 4a) Run the chi-square again, but this time add sex as a layer. Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Attachment style when measured as infant * Education obtained * Sex 75 100.0% 0 0.0% 75 100.0% Attachment style when measured as infant * Education obtained * Sex Cross tabulation Count Sex Education obtained Total High School Undergraduate Degree Graduate Degree Male Attachment style when measured as infant Secure 2 5 8 15 Anxious 7 3 1 11 Avoidant 2 5 0 7 Total 11 13 9 33 Female Attachment style when measured as infant Secure 3 13 7 23 Anxious 2 4 2 8 Avoidant 4 6 1 11 Total 9 23 10 42 Total Attachment style when measured as infant Secure 5 18 15 38 Anxious 9 7 3 19 Avoidant 6 11 1 18 Total 20 36 19 75 Chi-Square Tests Sex Value df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided) Male Pearson Chi-Square 14.229b 4 .007 Likelihood Ratio 15.379 4 .004 Linear-by-Linear Association 5.777 1 .016 N of Valid Cases 33 Female Pearson Chi-Square 3.423c 4 .490 Likelihood Ratio 3.622 4 .460 Linear-by-Linear Association 3.186 1 .074 N of Valid Cases 42 Total Pearson Chi-Square 13.556a 4 .009 Likelihood Ratio 14.522 4 .006 Linear-by-Linear Association 8.731 1 .003 N of Valid Cases 75 a. 3 cells (33.1%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.57. b. 7 cells (77.8%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.92. c. 6 cells (66.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.72 4b) Based on these results, does the relationship between Infant_Attachment and Education hold for both males and females? How do you know? Based on the outcomes, I would say these outcomes do not hold for both females and males. Males have been known to have a lower relationship between attachment style and education level, in comparison to females. Males seem to stay roughly the same regardless of style, while females surged, in regards to attachment style. I know this just by looking at the chart, and seeing the levels of education regarding the attachment levels and gender of learners. Females were associated with higher academic degrees such as undergraduate and graduate level, while males were associated with lower academic degrees such as high school. Although males did obtain degrees they were associated with female learners. Applied Sciences Architecture and Design Biology Business & Finance Chemistry Computer Science Geography Geology Education Engineering English Environmental science Spanish Government History Human Resource Management Information Systems Law Literature Mathematics Nursing Physics Political Science Psychology Reading Science Social Science Home Homework Answers Blog Archive Tags Reviews Contact twitterfacebook Copyright © 2021 SweetStudy.com
