Psychology Assignment Discussion and Rebuttal About Trauma
Question Description
In a minimum of 200-300 words respond to six posts and support each response with two scientific references. Do not just respond that you agree or disagree, but discuss it intellectually as if you are at a scientific convention.
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1) T2 D1 V. H.
Trauma isn’t an uncommon experience among children, adolescents, and adults; abuse, domestic and community violence, grief, and natural disasters are all examples of trauma (Little & Akin-Little, 2009). When preparing to counsel a client who has experienced trauma, the therapist should be aware of a variety of issues the client might be facing, such as: psychological, somatic, cognitive, neurological, and behavioral factors.
Especially with children, somatic symptoms are common when they experience grief, loss, or abuse. Stomachaches, headaches, and loss of appetite may be common complaints of somatic symptoms (Jackson-Cherry, 2018). Neurological issues, such as increased cortisol and norepinephrine response in the brain, along with changes in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex are common in those who have experienced trauma (Bremner, 2006). Behavioral symptoms usually involve trying to avoid activities that might trigger memories of the traumatic event and withdrawing from social interaction. Some cognitive issues that may arise in a client are loss of concentration, confusion, or distorted thinking the client may have that the event was his/her fault in some way. Lastly, there are several psychological factors that a counselor should be aware of when working with a trauma client: depression, fear, anger, anxiety, guilt, and shame (Little & Akin-Little, 2009).
Bremner J. D. (2006). Traumatic stress: effects on the brain. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 8(4), 445461.
Jackson-Cherry, L. R., & Erford, B. T. (2018). Crisis assessment, intervention, and prevention(3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Little, S. G., & Akin-Little, A. (2009). Trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy. In Behavioral interventions in schools: Evidence-based positive strategies. (pp. 325333). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/11886-0″¦
2) T2 D1 M. D.
Many issues can arise for a person who is dealing with a trauma. Children are especially susceptible to somatic symptoms. These may include stomach aches, headaches, or loss of appetite (Jackson-Cherry & Erford, 2018). Behaviorally children may also revert back to an earlier stage of development. Chronically dealing with trauma can cause neurological and cognitive issues. Memory issues and inability to focus are common cognitive and neurological symptoms associated with trauma. Behaviorally this can vary greatly based on the trauma and the individual. Substance abuse, sexually acting out, overeating, and self-harm are all behavioral issues that can result out of trauma. Anxiety and depression are two major psychological issues that can be caused by trauma. In addition, sexual disorders may result out of trauma as well. It is important as a counselor to have a good understanding of what trauma symptoms look like. Trauma is a complicated subject and sometimes people downplay things they went through even though it did indeed traumatize them and may be the root cause of many of their symptoms. Being able to recognize the signs and symptoms and have a foundational knowledge of trauma informed care and treatment methods is critical for a professional counselor.
Jackson-Cherry, L. R., & Erford, B. T. (2018). Crisis assessment, intervention, and prevention(3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
3) T2 D2 T. D.
Hello Everyone,
Professional counselors are required by law to be competent and credentialed in their chosen field of specialization, and trauma counselors are no different. They must possess a minimum of a bachelor degree from an accredited college or university. Obtaining a graduate degree is the next step, and in addition, a trauma counselor is required to adhere to their state regulations in regards to obtaining licensure. Trauma counselors are also required to complete 2000- 3000 hours of supervised experience. Continuing education is also imperative. Counselors should participate in continuing education to effectively compare their professional behavior with the standard of care, and routinely review professional codes of ethics as a part of their ongoing personal education (Jackson- Cherry & Erford, 2018). We (professional counselors) will more than likely work in a variety of mental health settings, and subsequently, there is a possibility that we will work with trauma survivors; thus it is imperative that our training include foundational trauma knowledge and trauma-competent clinical reasoning skills (Paige, DeVore, Change, & Whisenhunt, 2017).
(Trauma) counselors have a responsibility to “do no harm” to the client, and ther
